正在顯示「 2025 年 4 月 」的所有結果
4月 25, 2025 C# WPF
### 先去 CODE

可以通過引入並呼叫 `SetThreadExecutionState` 去達成防止電腦進入休眠及睡眠模式。

```c#
/**
 * application main window
 */
public partial class MainWindow : Window {

    [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
    static extern EXECUTION_STATE SetThreadExecutionState(EXECUTION_STATE esFlags);

    [FlagsAttribute]
    public enum EXECUTION_STATE : uint {
        ES_AWAYMODE_REQUIRED = 0x00000040,
        ES_CONTINUOUS = 0x80000000,
        ES_DISPLAY_REQUIRED = 0x00000002,
        ES_SYSTEM_REQUIRED = 0x00000001,
    }
    /**
     * constructor
     */
    public MainWindow() {

        // initialize component
        InitializeComponent();

        // set startup event handler
        App.Current.Startup += new StartupEventHandler((sender, e) => {

            // keep screen awake
            SetThreadExecutionState(EXECUTION_STATE.ES_DISPLAY_REQUIRED | EXECUTION_STATE.ES_CONTINUOUS);
        });

        // set exit event handler
        App.Current.Exit += new ExitEventHandler((sender, e) => {

            // restore screen state
            SetThreadExecutionState(EXECUTION_STATE.ES_CONTINUOUS);
        });
    }
}
```
4月 23, 2025 19 Things


### 大阪

自從上次西藏之旅後,已經很久沒有出國旅行了。趁著這次復活節假期,終於有機會來到大阪。不過,近來新聞頻傳,甚至有所謂的預言家聲稱,2025年4月至8月日本可能發生「南海海槽大地震」,導致許多人對前往日本旅遊卻步。出發前,我心裡也有些忐忑,但轉念一想:「現在不去,難道要等到地震後才去嗎?」於是,最終還是決定按原計劃出發!  

這次的旅程以大阪為中心,入住的是位於道頓堀河畔的**難波道頓堀假日酒店**。酒店地理位置極佳,無論是前往心齋橋、難波,或是道頓堀美食街都非常方便。唯一的缺點是周邊有不少牛郎店,十字路口常有年輕人在招攬客人,熱情邀請路人去他們的俱樂部飲酒作樂。不過,他們通常不會主動搭訕外國遊客,因此對觀光客的影響並不大。  

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC8KyOL6ru9wbDpgUkmCNRF3kknocbbuVZDJxO31UR4EJAn9ep_4cjv6XsV1tnTJChqFUsHZns7UUBgwIq5eK4nwMlWyLnGUxlwy4rC4MlB5YL5LTIQtYNWGYLXyjM6-QbXDg0p1TIxg80sNnTqE5M5wvd3f7CMf5cQmCT1cBl72EKz2vmr-CHZxIrv30/s1600/70cfc6cc-a86f-4c6e-8ea4-42e8c16b8a8d.jpg '間房唔錯 都大大地可以放到個喼')

### DAY 1 : 到著

這次搭乘的是國泰航空,早上八點多起飛,抵達關西機場時已是當地時間下午一點多。接著轉乘南海電鐵前往難波站,再步行至道頓堀,抵達酒店時已接近下午四點。由於一路上只吃了飛機餐,早已飢腸轆轆,於是立刻衝去附近的**一蘭拉麵**填飽肚子——畢竟到了晚上,排隊人潮可是相當驚人的!  

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYg0GC3_qLLXO-EQ7xGvwHrLyxGfXLswaTYvi-pJRW3I23saXEhIpJGgi2suzffiXH7AyoKUaPKch3RiiEj17T69Vwk_NXb1XqpgdfoSldjU3PCw_oi_6Lads7rmBXuc0og4VeDKQqmgPercgveX957KCa80ieZvKmvu2IHt1MU-Md9KjUp6pRbHmY8-4/s1600/IMG_3915.HEIC '點餐')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsK1fLtpCp06lGCfdp7yKAdG6VVNFFgAAlc9xttpqjC-8TXDXjjL8jiBddPfWkyMzfvGTCB2RXMGDm4c3lfX3My7hh33YwMFwOc8t0YcGwR4DHgxJVWYNhQHKDgZESzhstUjNl9gbFfRE9kuJygNseVstJaIH7O9Bl5FAc5tz1qwAXRClU0Bl2FO3n1TQ/s1600/IMG_3924.HEIC '食返個拉面先 真係好肚餓')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9JsqfypTn1gka2P5RxImXgZlDsurMAEPoIhJ-IscriHStDSxPtG6oYxOFdryldy0kZfh8zrrq0B7VOIKQ4ZXsCEaeyyu2E7zDIVUBHCkrcENLFRRFcwobhahXGoHbCuIEKZmITyfg-ifE7bqtIhlfG5Qq6n4-FYf2FPlCKf74ikv7kcwwfvgtj34H_K0/s1600/IMG_3923.HEIC '叫左個多面 食完本身個面之後可以放呢個碟上去上面 order here 度,職員就會幫你加多個面')

飽餐一頓後,我們直奔日本橋電器街(俗稱「大阪的秋葉原」),想看看有沒有新推出的動漫周邊或有趣的玩意。結果,光是夾糖機就玩了將近一小時,戰利品是一大堆巧克力,心情大好!途中還經過一家扭蛋店,立刻開啟「代購模式」,一邊拍照一邊幫朋友挑選。沒想到,這一扭就是兩、三個小時,直到店家關燈打烊,我們才依依不捨地離開。  

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXnHp6yuvpTFEhWQFB1Rd77xm3hrp_znsG2EPIx9JfWCdqkqXGcoMqWRQJsLdbgP4At17SYUNXovEQ6vMPWbgKPfa2_Gyc1JF866A-RXC0Qk53E6qF4Zk4bqEEcfD1ArnHm_dwaLwkvnVWL4qfzsu105hc6upyFun16ZUMOLmFNibJWE3DvJRyqZJwJXg/s1600/IMG_4008.HEIC '電玩街必經的街角 Taito Station')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrH9ZHEHLTQPfO8pvfWE0F6iaCvwKJS2raZpITJVEmSe8AiynxZdIGgUGhBuXXH_CU6Znw0sqhz0jkoti9-NTmbF56hj4YR6lJERcNxDeLVwqM5p6H10AYy2Ji9FQpCwLK0QY6XsXi9cZi1lhEv9TxyBmGpgefU9DyW3gB8IKIdOeQvOg4LH6ehy3te4M/s1600/IMG_3928.HEIC '玩左好耐夾糖機')

回到道頓堀時已將近晚上十點,許多店鋪都已打烊。原來不只香港,大阪的商店也關得挺早的!最後,我們隨意找了一家居酒屋解決晚餐。不過,日本居酒屋在晚上十點後通常會加收「座位費」(約350日圓/人),即使不點酒水也會計入帳單。雖然我們不喝酒,但既然來了,還是點了些壽司、炒飯等經典菜色,體驗當地的飲食文化。這一頓下來,總共花了近一萬日圓,但至少填飽了肚子。回到酒店後,疲憊不堪的我們立刻倒頭就睡,畢竟明天還有更多行程等著呢!  

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrfMjlKAfnWrGC9xoKfSr_kLxxAoNocj4ecYmQwTZZmDN0x5C_tREOVwQKg-6lQPum3uz__-f3m5ZKU4ochyphenhyphenUFHwvcSovP1r86eMH5me2nS0sLjlmbgNJQVgmM1tktuGlrR38Nx6qofgsgBj5Q27QQqEuNe59UyvEbZ0VhpPL9TZlcGlmmw1e7Zg9cSY4/s1600/c2bec96d-b49a-4bb8-901c-14b94a65e42d.jpg '人地去居酒屋飲酒 我地去居酒居食野')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivNDof7i2reW6mlga8XBRuS4LQFj-ZngkNEFMFEKKa0a2K-R0JgaD_mA17rEnD5uXT_VaCT9tOCO2CQEa7cwFZW76GD2_zo_Iq4rsx3OYfmqFMxlX38tMC23xgIVGQeY4GgHrOHJa_pNOcJ7PVgcstM8x4LBYTv9BWjIkvH2C0kwb5JmTRblbeiVcwTgA/s1600/IMG_4014.HEIC '食呀食')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjX9w5sdM8Ae_GV8cNHGvf9mstCiSpYsmkyEFpVgUWWXM25iGFF02XzQEvywHI73eUThg-Eqo4rYt9PfTE7SNMSz9fwqqRCY3w9ererGw3U05mo4mDkDchmh8OEvhRhKtss_3-1WrwZ3GP-bt1kTzQJ1BIdzD76nozQTigBCzorcTW8Lgg6Hi8-aV47Wl4/s1600/3631b8ad-a6fd-49bc-bdde-27fcd874cb30.jpg '食呀食')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxJvhUxDnismrtTWJO8Idz3IVd0RX9TVl-6J2_QHFyqpvGW7rpcmcjhpiq5od1gmAfSSiNsIcGvPYplBRtkxEwbU3zgUo8JXChbRCYzUWK3SCCAmTVjSeZRiHeRoJgce9kAZ4yM9jPtxLMe2z4wIMPyB59TlXsErHgyR7iBf7ytDUPdMM6_ohEcvYmPt4/s1600/IMG_4015.HEIC '食呀食')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgop2cu3xFIE8Xbn_c9_DIaDN5o8IU7n-e_F3vQcjoZD48QUtVVrfTSH-lko-e-K5RAzFW17CJYZC8csUWxI67RdqbXvujYm5GU0FO91CB7ip9wMnMLqx6ZUklo6QfuDHZaF5VTFBRMb8OUSpD2oKG8M2IoCk3mKVgWyln0mMDiEO4oGqC8aJ7cGhgWSaY/s1600/IMG_4017.HEIC '食呀食')

![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyUU_di9hNHx9DAiOfdpZo5GOZdGYFl7jlo-koKDy8HSvi8v49B1aFD-Q2uzPAbEMxW_H2DFsXDQ6aYjSed0ypIpxdAIA3pAvQG3n758V6WqPBfChgu8w0Mxe3khrO8aJvfiQV-Ek5VySI6N-uEOUBMG6YwSWU_P2LqV4z2R-GTnEc1_9QD7bijl-lcCA/s1600/1aa856af-0989-4fbc-b2ef-d70a901493e0.jpg '原來都有唔少朱古力')
4月 22, 2025 C# WPF
### 先去 CODE

下面是 view model

```c#
// 定義一個 private log message 的 ovservable collection (如果用普通 list 的話, wpf 會唔識 reactive update 個 UI)
private ObservableCollection<LogMessage> _logMessages = new ObservableCollection<LogMessage>();

// 再定義一個 public 的 Log messages 用來呼叫 OnPropertyChanged() 通知 wpf update 返個 UI
public ObservableCollection<LogMessage> LogMessages {

	get => _logMessages;

	set {

		if (_logMessages != value) {

			_logMessages = value;

			OnPropertyChanged();
		}
	}
}

```
  
下面是 xaml

```xaml
<ListView ItemsSource="{Binding Path=LogMessages}"
          ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled"
          Grid.Row="1"
          Grid.Column="0">
    <ListView.ItemContainerStyle>
        <Style TargetType="ListViewItem">
            <Setter Property="Focusable"
                    Value="False" />
            <Setter Property="IsHitTestVisible"
                    Value="False" />
        </Style>
    </ListView.ItemContainerStyle>
    <ListView.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <Grid Margin="0,0,0,10">
                <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                    <RowDefinition Height="auto" />
                    <RowDefinition Height="auto" />
                    <RowDefinition Height="auto" />
                </Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                    <ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
                </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Title}"
                           Foreground="{Binding Path=Color}"
                           FontWeight="Bold"
                           TextWrapping="Wrap"
                           FontSize="14"
                           Grid.Row="0"
                           Grid.Column="0" />
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Message}"
                           Foreground="{Binding Path=Color}"
                           TextWrapping="Wrap"
                           Grid.Row="1"
                           Grid.Column="0" />
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=LogAt}"
                           Foreground="#999999"
                           TextWrapping="Wrap"
                           Margin="0,5,0,0"
                           Grid.Row="2"
                           Grid.Column="0" />
            </Grid>
        </DataTemplate>
    </ListView.ItemTemplate>
</ListView>
```

這樣就可以輕鬆畫出 listview
  
![](https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHDnqOrMsv-k7UQ1XwRdKniVsScEVFzEcHtZ2BRHYJPyrj1a8oU351yp3C8_4GGXs24J7Ac1WMnTeTGMkoo4-aMqzhfAO05fIKgEpup330JGQgffYNuW_GEPgjEbIhYOlnSxHLIp0mM6QBzc2BQCK2RnnGY9f62g4QdVDbA-LrqBtGMPeJhRs4KHETE5c/s1600/2025-04-22%2014.29.16.png)
4月 22, 2025 C# WPF
### 情況

因為有時我們在按下按鈕時,背後 command 的工作並不是在 ui thread 上執行,所以 canExecute 沒有辦法即時回應畫出結果到 UI 上。

### 解決

在 Java 上可以 invalidate ui 去叫 ui component 重新 repaint 過個 UI component。

而 WPF 上都可以叫過差不多的手法去完成,不過是 CommandManager 專用的方法。

```c#
// run this to invalidate ui
CommandManager.InvalidateRequerySuggested();
```
4月 04, 2025 C# PowerShell
### 出現問題

最近要為一個沒有 API 的平台制作 Automation,搵過好多唔同既方法,最後發現 stackoverflow 竟然係因最多人推介用 `PowerShell` 來解決,在先前係用過 "按鍵精靈" 同埋 "AutoIT" 的經驗,既然今次又要做 Automation 就不如用啲未用過既方法來開始。

### PowerShell

經過一陣子的研究發現,原來 `PowerShell` 都係需要引入 .dll 程式庫來實現一些原生的 window 功能,而今次我要實行的是模擬 Mouse 及 Keyboard 的動作,對 Web 介面進行 Automation。簡單的追可以通過 WinForms 去實行。

```ps1
// 引入 System.Windows.Forms
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms
```

然後可以通過直接寫入 C# 代碼到 PowerShell 中即時運行。

以下的代碼是引入了外部的 `user32.dll` 以實行對 Mouse 及 Keyboard 的模擬動作。

```ps1
Add-Type -TypeDefinition @"
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

/**
 * mouse class
 */
public class Mouse {
    
    // mouse action
    public const uint MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN = 0x02;
    public const uint MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP = 0x04;
    public const uint MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN = 0x08;
    public const uint MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP = 0x10;

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out POINT lpPoint);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct POINT {
        public int X;
        public int Y;
    }

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern bool SetCursorPos(int x, int y);

    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
    public static extern void mouse_event(uint dwFlags, uint dx, uint dy, uint cButtons, uint dwExtraInfo);
}

/**
 * keyboard class
 */
public class Keyboard {

    // keys
    public const byte VK_CONTROL = 0x11;
    public const byte VK_RETURN = 0x0D;
    public const byte VK_A = 0x41;
    public const byte VK_B = 0x42;
    public const byte VK_C = 0x43;
    public const byte VK_D = 0x44;
    public const byte VK_E = 0x45;
    public const byte VK_F = 0x46;
    public const byte VK_G = 0x47;
    public const byte VK_H = 0x48;
    public const byte VK_I = 0x49;
    public const byte VK_J = 0x4A;
    public const byte VK_K = 0x4B;
    public const byte VK_L = 0x4C;
    public const byte VK_M = 0x4D;
    public const byte VK_N = 0x4E;
    public const byte VK_O = 0x4F;
    public const byte VK_P = 0x50;
    public const byte VK_Q = 0x51;
    public const byte VK_R = 0x52;
    public const byte VK_S = 0x53;
    public const byte VK_T = 0x54;
    public const byte VK_U = 0x55;
    public const byte VK_V = 0x56;
    public const byte VK_W = 0x57;
    public const byte VK_X = 0x58;
    public const byte VK_Y = 0x59;
    public const byte VK_Z = 0x5A;
    
    // actions
    public const uint KEYEVENTF_KEYDOWN = 0x0000;
    public const uint KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x0002;

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, IntPtr dwExtraInfo);
}
"@
```

當引入完上面的代碼後,可以在下面自己加入你想要運行的代碼去呼叫引入的代碼。

```ps1
// Mouse 左鍵按下
[Mouse]::mouse_event([Mouse]::MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0);

// Mouuse 左鍵升起
[Mouse]::mouse_event([Mouse]::MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0);
```

這樣就可以用 PowerShell 呼叫 C# 來逹成你想要的功能了,正因為呼叫的是 C#,所以是機乎所有的 Window 功能也可以通過 PowerShell 去運行,所以要運行 `.ps1` 的時候可能需要另外的權限。
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